CDK12 also known as cell cycle-dependent protein kinase 12 is a cell cycle-dependent protein kinase that functions as a transcription-related kinase. It forms a heterodimeric complex with Cyclin K, which phosphorylates the carboxyl-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II (RNA Pol II) to regulate gene expression. CDK12 is also the most frequently mutated of all CDKs, reaching up to 5%, and its genomic alterations have been identified in cancers, such as prostate cancer, breast cancer, and colorectal cancer.