Serine/threonine-protein kinase Pim-2 is encoded by the PIM2 (Proviral Integrations of Moloney virus 2) gene in human. PIM2 is expressed with high levels in the brain and lymphoid cells. Like PIM1, PIM2 shows a bi-lobal kinase architecture with a constitutively active closed conformation. The main chain of both molecules is identical with the exception of two flexible regions in the N-terminal lobe. PIM2 has roles in cell growth, proliferation, apoptosis, and regulation of signal transduction cascades. In clinical studies, PIM2 may be an important kinase in the phosphorylation of 4E-BP1, that is commonly found in cancers and contributes to the sustained translation of malignancy related transcripts. As a result, PIM2 may be an attractive target for acute myeloid leukemia.