cGAS-STING信号通路-免疫学专题- ABclonal

cGAS-STING信号通路

cGAS-STING信号通路作为重要的异常胞浆DNA监控机制之一，在宿主防御病原体、肿瘤免疫、自身免疫性疾病和衰老相关炎症中发挥独特和关键作用[1]。作为首要的胞浆DNA感受器，cGAS可以被侵入细胞的病毒和细菌DNA以及异常定位在胞浆中的线粒体DNA和自体DNA激活[2]，活化的cGAS以ATP和GTP为底物，催化形成2‘，3’环化GMP-AMP（2’，3’-cGAMP）（也称为“非经典”cGAMP），这是一种环二核苷酸（CDN），作为第二信使与定位于内质网膜上的接头蛋白STING结合[2]。除了cGAS介导的2‘，3’-cGAMP，STING还可以被其他胞浆DNA感受器（如IFI16、DDX41、DAI）[3]或其他CDN激活，包括环化di-AMP、环化di-GMP和3‘,3’-cGAMP（也称为“经典”cGAMP）[4]。当STING通过cGAS依赖性或非依赖性方式被激活后，STING会向高尔基体易位，并在易位过程中招募并激活TBK1，进而导致IRF3、NF-κB和STAT6的磷酸化和核转位，导致干扰素和其他炎症基因的表达增加[5]。cGAS-STING信号通路可通过多种机制被调控，特别是翻译后修饰扮演重要角色[6]，包括磷酸化、泛素化和棕榈酰化等，如参与磷酸化调节的激酶ULK1/ATG1、磷酸酶PPM1A，参与泛素化调节的E3连接酶RNF5、TRIM21、TRIM30α、TRIM32、TRIM56、AMFR和INSIG1，参与棕榈酰化调节的棕榈酰转移酶DHHC3、DHHC7和DHHC15。此外，TREX1介导的双链DNA降解[7]和某些磷酸二酯酶（PDEs）介导的多种CDN水解[8]，会影响STING对这些分子的感知。STING还会与RIG-I-MAVS[9]、炎症小体[10]、TLR[11]、JAK-STAT[12,13]和自噬[14]等多条信号通路发生串话，进一步增加了STING调控和功能的复杂性。

下载通路

ABclonal针对cGAS-STING信号通路研究，提供以下常见核心靶点的产品

STING/TMEM173 Rabbit mAb

Western blot analysis of various lysates, using STING/TMEM173 Rabbit mAb (A21051) at 1:20000 dilution.
Secondary antibody: HRP Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) (AS014) at 1:10000 dilution.
Lysates/proteins: 25μg per lane.
Blocking buffer: 3% nonfat dry milk in TBST.
Detection: ECL Basic Kit (RM00020).
Exposure time: 60s.

Western blot analysis of various lysates using STING/TMEM173 Rabbit mAb (A21051) at 1:5000 dilution.
Secondary antibody:HRP Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L)(AS014) at 1:10000 dilution.
Lysates / proteins: 25 μg per lane.
Blocking buffer: 3 % nonfat dry milk in TBST.
Detection:ECL Basic Kit (RM00020).
Exposuretime: 60s.

Immunohistochemistry analysis of STING/TMEM173 in paraffin-embedded human colon carcinoma tissue using STING/TMEM173 Rabbit mAb (A21051) at a dilution of 1:200 (40x lens).High pressure antigen retrieval was performed with 0.01 M citrate buffer (pH 6.0) prior to IHC staining.

Immunohistochemistry analysis of STING/TMEM173 in paraffin-embedded human esophagus tissue using STING/TMEM173 Rabbit mAb (A21051) at a dilution of 1:200 (40x lens).High pressure antigen retrieval was performed with 0.01 M citrate buffer (pH 6.0) prior to IHC staining.

Immunohistochemistry analysis of STING/TMEM173 in paraffin-embedded human lung cancer tissue using STING/TMEM173 Rabbit mAb (A21051) at a dilution of 1:200 (40x lens).High pressure antigen retrieval was performed with 0.01 M citrate buffer (pH 6.0) prior to IHC staining.

Immunohistochemistry analysis of STING/TMEM173 in paraffin-embedded human thyroid cancer tissue using STING/TMEM173 Rabbit mAb (A21051) at a dilution of 1:200 (40x lens).High pressure antigen retrieval was performed with 0.01 M citrate buffer (pH 6.0) prior to IHC staining.

Immunohistochemistry analysis of STING/TMEM173 in paraffin-embedded human tonsil tissue using STING/TMEM173 Rabbit mAb (A21051) at a dilution of 1:200 (40x lens).High pressure antigen retrieval was performed with 0.01 M citrate buffer (pH 6.0) prior to IHC staining.

Immunohistochemistry analysis of STING/TMEM173 in paraffin-embedded rat spleen tissue using STING/TMEM173 Rabbit mAb (A21051) at a dilution of 1:200 (40x lens).High pressure antigen retrieval was performed with 0.01 M citrate buffer (pH 6.0) prior to IHC staining.

DDX41 Rabbit pAb

Western blot analysis of lysates from Rat testis, using DDX41 Rabbit pAb (A6576) at 1:900 dilution.
Secondary antibody: HRP Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) (AS014) at 1:10000 dilution.
Lysates/proteins: 25μg per lane.
Blocking buffer: 3% nonfat dry milk in TBST.
Detection: ECL Basic Kit (RM00020).
Exposure time: 30s.

Immunohistochemistry analysis of DDX41 in paraffin-embedded rat kidney using DDX41 Rabbit pAb (A6576) at dilution of 1:100 (40x lens).Perform microwave antigen retrieval with 10 mM PBS buffer pH 7.2 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.

Immunohistochemistry analysis of DDX41 in paraffin-embedded rat testis using DDX41 Rabbit pAb (A6576) at dilution of 1:100 (40x lens).Perform microwave antigen retrieval with 10 mM PBS buffer pH 7.2 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.

Immunohistochemistry analysis of DDX41 in paraffin-embedded mouse testis using DDX41 Rabbit pAb (A6576) at dilution of 1:100 (40x lens).Perform microwave antigen retrieval with 10 mM PBS buffer pH 7.2 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.

Immunofluorescence analysis of U2OS cells using DDX41 Rabbit pAb (A6576). Secondary antibody: Cy3 Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) (AS007) at 1:500 dilution. Blue: DAPI for nuclear staining.

Immunoprecipitation analysis of 200 μg extracts of 293T cells using 1 μg DDX41 antibody (A6576). Western blot was performed from the immunoprecipitate using DDX41 antibody (A6576) at a dilution of 1:1000.

PPM1A Rabbit pAb

Western blot analysis of extracts of various cell lines, using PPM1A antibody (A6699) at 1:1000 dilution.
Secondary antibody: HRP Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) (AS014) at 1:10000 dilution.
Lysates/proteins: 25μg per lane.
Blocking buffer: 3% nonfat dry milk in TBST.
Detection: ECL Basic Kit (RM00020).
Exposure time: 1s.

Immunofluorescence analysis of C6 cells using PPM1A Rabbit pAb (A6699) at dilution of 1:100 (40x lens). Blue: DAPI for nuclear staining.

Immunofluorescence analysis of HeLa cells using PPM1A Rabbit pAb (A6699) at dilution of 1:100 (40x lens). Blue: DAPI for nuclear staining.

Immunofluorescence analysis of NIH-3T3 cells using PPM1A Rabbit pAb (A6699) at dilution of 1:100 (40x lens). Blue: DAPI for nuclear staining.

[KO Validated] TRIM21/SS-A Rabbit pAb

Western blot analysis of lysates from wild type (WT) and TRIM21/SS-A knockout (KO) A-549 cells, using [KO Validated] TRIM21/SS-A Rabbit pAb (A18027) at 1:1000 dilution.
Secondary antibody: HRP Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) (AS014) at 1:10000 dilution.
Lysates/proteins: 25μg per lane.
Blocking buffer: 3% nonfat dry milk in TBST.
Detection: ECL Basic Kit (RM00020).
Exposure time: 1s.

Western blot analysis of lysates from 293T cells, using TRIM21/SS-A Rabbit pAb (A18027) at 1:2000 dilution.
Secondary antibody: HRP Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) (AS014) at 1:10000 dilution.
Lysates/proteins: 25ug per lane.
Blocking buffer: 3% nonfat dry milk in TBST.
Detection: ECL Basic Kit (RM00020).
Exposure time: 90s.

IRF3 Rabbit pAb

Western blot analysis of lysates from 293T cells using IRF3 Rabbit pAb(A11118) at 1:1000 dilution.
Secondary antibody: HRP Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) (AS014) at 1:10000 dilution.
Lysates/proteins: 25 μg per lane.
Blocking buffer: 3% nonfat dry milk in TBST.
Detection: ECL Basic Kit (RM00020).
Exposure time: 1s.

Immunohistochemistry analysis of IRF3 in paraffin-embedded human lung cancer using IRF3 Rabbit pAb (A11118) at dilution of 1:100 (40x lens).Perform microwave antigen retrieval with 10 mM PBS buffer pH 7.2 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.

Immunohistochemistry analysis of IRF3 in paraffin-embedded human esophageal cancer using IRF3 Rabbit pAb (A11118) at dilution of 1:100 (40x lens).Perform microwave antigen retrieval with 10 mM PBS buffer pH 7.2 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.

Immunofluorescence analysis of HeLa cells using IRF3 Rabbit pAb (A11118) at dilution of 1:100 (40x lens). Secondary antibody: ABflo® 488-conjugated Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) (AS073) at 1:500 dilution. Blue: DAPI for nuclear staining.

Immunoprecipitation analysis of 300 μg extracts of 293T cells using 3 μg IRF3 antibody (A11118). Western blot was performed from the immunoprecipitate using IRF3 (A11118) at a dilution of 1:1000.

Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis of extracts of HCT116 cell line, using IRF3 rabbit polyclonal antibody (A11118) and rabbit IgG. The amount of immunoprecipitated DNA was checked by quantitative PCR. Histogram was constructed by the ratios of the immunoprecipitated DNA to the input.

TBK1/NAK Rabbit mAb

Western blot analysis of various lysates using TBK1/NAK Rabbit mAb (A3458) at 1:1000 dilution.
Secondary antibody: HRP Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) (AS014) at 1:10000 dilution.
Lysates/proteins: 25μg per lane.
Blocking buffer: 3% nonfat dry milk in TBST.
Detection: ECL Basic Kit (RM00020).
Exposure time: 3s.

Western blot analysis of various lysates using TBK1/NAK Rabbit mAb (A3458) at 1：1000 dilution.
Secondary antibody: HRP Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) (AS014) at 1:10000 dilution.
Lysates/proteins: 25μg per lane.
Blocking buffer: 3% nonfat dry milk in TBST.
Detection: ECL Basic Kit (RM00020).
Exposure time: 30s.

Confocal imaging of MCF7 cells using TBK1/NAK Rabbit mAb (A3458,at dilution of 1:100) (Red). The cells were counterstained with α-Tubulin Mouse mAb (AC012,dilution 1:400) (Green). DAPI was used for nuclear staining (blue). Objective: 100x.

Confocal imaging of NIH/3T3 cells using TBK1/NAK Rabbit mAb (A3458,at dilution of 1:100) (Red). The cells were counterstained with α-Tubulin Mouse mAb (AC012,dilution 1:400) (Green). DAPI was used for nuclear staining (blue). Objective: 100x.

Immunoprecipitation analysis of 300 μg extracts from 293T cells using 3 μg TBK1/NAK Rabbit mAb (A3458). Western blot was performed from the immunoprecipitate using TBK1/NAK Rabbit mAb (A3458) at a dilution of 1:1000.

Phospho-TBK1/NAK-S172 Rabbit mAb

Western blot analysis of various lysates using Phospho-TBK1/NAK-S172 Rabbit mAb (AP1026) at 1:1000 dilution.Both HeLa cells and NIH/3T3 cells were treated by Calyculin A (100 nM) at 37℃ for 30 minutes after serum-starvation overnight.
Secondary antibody: HRP Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) (AS014) at 1:10000 dilution.
Lysates/proteins: 25μg per lane.
Blocking buffer: 3% BSA.
Detection: ECL Basic Kit (RM00020).
Exposure time: 1min.

cGAS-STING信号通路精选研究产品

分类

研究靶点	产品货号	产品名称	应用	物种

胞浆DNA感受器

CGAS	A8335	cGAS Rabbit pAb	ELISA,WB,IHC-P,IF/ICC	Human, Mouse, Rat
DDX41	A6576	DDX41 Rabbit pAb	ELISA,WB,IHC-P,IF/ICC,IP	Human, Mouse, Rat
ZBP1	A13899	ZBP1 Rabbit pAb	ELISA,WB	Human, Mouse, Rat
IFI16	A14002	IFI16 Rabbit pAb	ELISA,WB,IHC-P	Human, Mouse, Rat

信号转导分子

STING1	A21051	STING/TMEM173 Rabbit mAb	ELISA,WB,IHC-P	Human, Mouse, Rat
STING1	A3575	STING/TMEM173 Rabbit pAb	ELISA,WB,IHC-P,IF/ICC,IP	Human, Mouse, Rat
TBK1	A3458	TBK1/NAK Rabbit mAb	ELISA,WB,IF/ICC,IP	Human, Mouse, Rat
TBK1	AP1026	Phospho-TBK1/NAK-S172 Rabbit mAb	ELISA,WB	Human, Mouse

转录因子

IRF3	A11118	IRF3 Rabbit pAb	ELISA,WB,IHC-P,IF/ICC,ChIP,IP	Human, Mouse, Rat
IRF3	A19717	[KO Validated] IRF3 Rabbit mAb	ELISA,WB	Human, Mouse
IRF3	AP0995	Phospho-IRF3-S386 Rabbit mAb	ELISA,WB	Human
IRF3	AP0623	Phospho-IRF3-S396 Rabbit pAb	ELISA,WB,IHC-P	Human, Mouse, Rat
RELA	A19653	NF-kB p65/RelA Rabbit mAb	ELISA,WB,IHC-P,IF/ICC,ChIP	Human, Mouse, Rat, Monkey
RELA	A10609	NF-kB p65/RelA Mouse mAb	ELISA,WB,IF/ICC	Human, Mouse, Rat
RELA	A18210	NF-kB p65/RelA Mouse mAb	ELISA,WB,IF/ICC	Human, Mouse, Rat
RELA	AP1294	Phospho-NF-kB p65/RelA-S536 Rabbit mAb	ELISA,WB	Human,Mouse,Rat
STAT6	A19120	STAT6 Rabbit mAb	ELISA,WB,IF/ICC	Human, Mouse
STAT6	AP0456	Phospho-STAT6-Y641 Rabbit pAb	ELISA,WB,IHC-P	Human,Mouse,Rat

信号通路调节分子

ULK1	A8529	ULK1 Rabbit pAb	ELISA,WB,IF/ICC	Human, Mouse, Rat
ULK1	AP0736	Phospho-ULK1-S757 Rabbit pAb	ELISA,WB	Human
ULK1	AP0760	Phospho-ULK1-S555 Rabbit pAb	ELISA,WB	Human
PPM1A	A22076	PPM1A Rabbit mAb	ELISA,WB	Human
PPM1A	A6699	PPM1A Rabbit pAb	ELISA,WB,IF/ICC	Human, Mouse, Rat
RNF5	A8351	RNF5 Rabbit pAb	ELISA,WB,IHC-P	Human, Mouse, Rat
TRIM21	A18027	[KO Validated] TRIM21/SS-A Rabbit pAb	ELISA,WB,IF/ICC	Human, Mouse, Rat
AMFR	A3731	AMFR Rabbit pAb	ELISA,WB	Human
INSIG1	A16278	INSIG1 Rabbit pAb	ELISA,WB	Human, Rat
ZDHHC7	A17981	ZDHHC7 Rabbit pAb	ELISA,WB	Human, Mouse
ZDHHC15	A14454	ZDHHC15 Rabbit pAb	ELISA,WB	Human, Rat
TREX1	A3819	TREX1 Rabbit mAb	ELISA,WB	Human
TREX1	A6778	TREX1 Rabbit pAb	ELISA,WB,IF/ICC	Human, Mouse, Rat
NLRX1	A18065	[KO Validated] NLRX1 Rabbit pAb	ELISA,WB	Human, Mouse, Rat

缩略语注释:
cGAS, cyclic-GMP-AMP synthetase
STING, stimulator of interferon genes
IFI16, interferon gamma inducible protein 16
DDX41, DEAD-box helicase 41
DAI, DNA-dependent activator of IRFs
TBK, TANK binding kinase
IRF, interferon regulatory factor
STAT, signal transducer and activator of transcription
ULK1,unc-51 Like Autophagy Activating Kinase 1
ATG1, autophagy-specific gene 1
PPM1A, protein phosphatase, Mg2+/Mn2+ dependent 1A
RNF5, ring Finger Protein 5
TRIM, tripartite motif-containing
AMFR, autocrine motility factor receptor
INSIG1, insulin induced gene 1
DHHC, zinc finger DHHC-type palmitoyltransferase
TREX1, three prime repair exonuclease 1
RIG-I, retinoic acid-inducible gene I
MAVS, Mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein

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14.Nature. (2019) 567:262-266.